Compost

California is reducing a significant amount of organic waste going to landfills by instead composting organic material into a nutrient-rich soil amendment that helps plants grow.

The controlled composting process uses water, air, and high temperatures to help organic material break down with less climate-heating methane emissions.

Organic material composted includes:

  • Leaves
  • Straw
  • Grass
  • Vegetable Scraps

CalRecycle has regulatory requirements for permitted compost facilities to ensure weed seeds, invasive pests, and pathogens are destroyed.

Mulch

Mulch is ground, organic material like:

  • Leaves
  • Tree Bark
  • Wood Chips

Mulch applied over soil can:

  • Control weeds.
  • Retain moisture.
  • Prevent erosion.
  • Buffer temperature extremes.

Mulch breaks down over time and can add nutrients to the soil.

 

graphic of compost process from recycle bin with food, to compost bin, then compost sack, and to veggies.

 Small-scale on-site composting

  • Reduces costs to haul organics to landfills.
  • It is usually exempt from solid waste regulations.

Large-scale compost facilities

  • Handle more material.
  • Produce a more consistent compost product.
  • Must comply with regulations and permitting standards.

Consult current composting regulations and contact your Local Enforcement Agency for local permit requirements before starting a compost project in California.

Benefits of Compost and Mulch Use

In Agriculture

Compost

  • Improves plant growth and health.
  • Provides plant nutrients in a stable organic form.
  • Increases how deep plant roots grow.
  • Reduces erosion.
  • Conserves water by keeping moisture in soil.

Mulch

  • Reduces weed germination.
  • Keeps moisture in soil.
  • Moderates soil temperature.

For Finances

  • Compost and mulch treatments cut costs by:
    • Saving water and energy.
    • Reduce the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.

Sustainable Landscaping

  • Grows healthier plants.
  • Saves water.
  • Supports butterflies, bees, birds, and other pollinators.

How to Get Compost and Mulch

Compost is not ready to use if it:

  • Steams or is much warmer than the air.
  • Has a strong ammonia or other unpleasant scent.
  • Has visible plant materials or food.